{"id":307,"date":"2019-05-09T06:47:54","date_gmt":"2019-05-09T06:47:54","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/magazine.diabetesasia.org\/?p=307"},"modified":"2025-04-22T15:30:37","modified_gmt":"2025-04-22T10:00:37","slug":"what-is-nutrition-therapy-in-gestational-diabetes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.diabetesasia.org\/magazine\/what-is-nutrition-therapy-in-gestational-diabetes\/","title":{"rendered":"what is Nutrition Therapy In Gestational Diabetes ?"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2><b><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Nutrition Therapy for a Woman with Gestational Diabetes <\/span>\u00a0<\/b><\/h2>\n<h2><b>Body Mass Index <\/b><b>(BMI)<\/b><\/h2>\n<p>Use <strong><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.diabetesasia.org\/magazine\/what-is-gestational-diabetes-mellitus\/\">pre-pregnancy<\/a><\/span><\/strong> <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong><a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/nutrition\/nutrition-therapy\">weight<\/a> <\/strong><\/span>for calculations<\/p>\n<p>Weight and height measurements to calculate BMI:<\/p>\n<p>BMI = weight in kg\/(height in m)2<\/p>\n<p>Standard BMI normograms<\/p>\n<p><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-9133 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.diabetesasia.org\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/images-2.png?resize=300%2C160&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"what is Nutrition Therapy In Gestational Diabetes ?\" width=\"300\" height=\"160\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.diabetesasia.org\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/images-2.png?resize=300%2C160&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.diabetesasia.org\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/images-2.png?w=308&amp;ssl=1 308w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<table style=\"height: 301px;\" width=\"642\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"213\"><\/td>\n<td width=\"213\"><b>Asian<\/b><\/td>\n<td width=\"213\"><b>ADA<\/b><b> norms<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"213\">Underweight<\/td>\n<td width=\"213\"><\/td>\n<td width=\"213\">&lt;18.5 kg\/m2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"213\">Normal BMI<\/td>\n<td width=\"213\">18.0-22.9 kg\/m2<\/td>\n<td width=\"213\">18.5-24.9 kg\/m2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"213\">Overweight<\/td>\n<td width=\"213\">23.0-24.9 kg\/m2<\/td>\n<td width=\"213\">25.0-29.9 kg\/m2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"213\">Obesity<\/td>\n<td width=\"213\">&gt;25 kg\/m2<\/td>\n<td width=\"213\">&gt; 30 kg\/m2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2><b>Composition of <\/b><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b>Food a<\/b><b>nd<\/b><b> Drinks<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<h2><b>\u00a0Macro-nutrients<\/b><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong><a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.diabetesasia.org\/magazine\/9-foods-to-help-you-lose-weight\/\">protein<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.diabetesasia.org\/magazine\/eight-healthy-swaps-for-food-and-drinks\/\">carbohydrates<\/a><\/span><\/strong><\/li>\n<li>fats<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><b>\u00a0Micro-nutrients<\/b><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>vitamins<\/li>\n<li>minerals<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<table width=\"712\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"304\"><b>Nutrient<\/b><\/td>\n<td width=\"408\"><b>% of daily calorie intake<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"304\">Carbohydrates<\/td>\n<td width=\"408\">45-65%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"304\">Fats<\/td>\n<td width=\"408\">20-35%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"304\">Protein<\/td>\n<td width=\"408\">10-35%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Proteins<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Provide amino<strong><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Protein\"> acids<\/a><\/span><\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Help to build muscle mass<img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-309 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/magazine.diabetesasia.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/nutrition-pregnancy-1-300x300.jpg?resize=435%2C435\" alt=\"nutrition-therapy\" width=\"435\" height=\"435\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.diabetesasia.org\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/nutrition-pregnancy-1.jpg?resize=300%2C300&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.diabetesasia.org\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/nutrition-pregnancy-1.jpg?resize=150%2C150&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.diabetesasia.org\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/nutrition-pregnancy-1.jpg?w=500&amp;ssl=1 500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 435px) 100vw, 435px\" \/><\/li>\n<li>Animal sources<\/li>\n<li>Plant sources<\/li>\n<li>1 g of protein gives 4 kcal of energy<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><b>Protein<\/b><b> Recommendations<\/b><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>1.1 g protein per kg bodyweight per day<\/li>\n<li>10-35% of total energy per day<\/li>\n<li>Animal protein is often high in fat, especially saturated.<\/li>\n<li>Attention must be paid to meeting the protein requirements of women who are vegetarians or vegans<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><b>Carbohydrates<\/b><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Provide the main source of energy for the body (45-65%) \u2013 individualized<\/li>\n<li>Nutrient that most influences blood glucose levels<\/li>\n<li>Source of simple sugars \u2013 glucose, fructose<\/li>\n<li>1 g of carbohydrate provides 4 kcal<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-9134 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.diabetesasia.org\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/images-1-9.jpg?resize=369%2C369&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"what is Nutrition Therapy In Gestational Diabetes ?\" width=\"369\" height=\"369\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.diabetesasia.org\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/images-1-9.jpg?w=225&amp;ssl=1 225w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.diabetesasia.org\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/images-1-9.jpg?resize=150%2C150&amp;ssl=1 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 369px) 100vw, 369px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2><b>Carbohydrates And Meal Planning<\/b><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>The amount and source of carbohydrates are considered when planning meals<\/li>\n<li>The recommended source of carbohydrates is mainly from<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>-whole grains: wheat, rice, pasta, bread, rice, wheat, barley, oats, maize, and corn<\/p>\n<p>-legumes, beans, pulses (Bengal gram, black gram, rajma)<\/p>\n<p>-fruit and vegetables<\/p>\n<p>-milk<\/p>\n<h2><b>Carbohydrate (CHO) content of common foods<\/b><\/h2>\n<table width=\"856\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"412\"><b>Food<\/b><\/td>\n<td width=\"150\"><b>Am<\/b><b>oun<\/b><b>t <\/b><\/td>\n<td width=\"167\"><b>Serving<\/b><\/td>\n<td width=\"127\"><b>CHO (g)<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"412\">Bread, whole wheat<\/td>\n<td width=\"150\">28 g<\/td>\n<td width=\"167\">1 slice<\/td>\n<td width=\"127\">11<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"412\">Rice (cooked)<\/td>\n<td width=\"150\">75 g<\/td>\n<td width=\"167\">0.3 cup<\/td>\n<td width=\"127\">13<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"412\">Pasta<\/td>\n<td width=\"150\">125 mL<\/td>\n<td width=\"167\">0.5 cup<\/td>\n<td width=\"127\">16<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"412\">Chappati<\/td>\n<td width=\"150\">44 g<\/td>\n<td width=\"167\">1 small<\/td>\n<td width=\"127\">19<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"412\">Corn meal<\/td>\n<td width=\"150\">45 mL<\/td>\n<td width=\"167\">3 tbsps<\/td>\n<td width=\"127\">16<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"412\">Potato<\/td>\n<td width=\"150\">84 g<\/td>\n<td width=\"167\">1 small<\/td>\n<td width=\"127\">15<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"412\">Couscous, cooked<\/td>\n<td width=\"150\">125 mL<\/td>\n<td width=\"167\">0.5 cup<\/td>\n<td width=\"127\">17<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"412\">Lentils<\/td>\n<td width=\"150\">250 mL<\/td>\n<td width=\"167\">1 cup<\/td>\n<td width=\"127\">15<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"412\">Banana<\/td>\n<td width=\"150\">101 g<\/td>\n<td width=\"167\">1 small<\/td>\n<td width=\"127\">20<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2><b>Benefits of <\/b><b>Fibre<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><b>A high-fibre diet is healthy<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>Mixture of soluble and insoluble <\/b><b>fibre<\/b><\/p>\n<p>-Slows the absorption of glucose<\/p>\n<p>-reduces absorption of dietary fats<\/p>\n<p>-retains water to soften stool<\/p>\n<p>-may reduce the risk of colon cancer<\/p>\n<p>-may reduce the risk of heart disease<\/p>\n<p><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-9135 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.diabetesasia.org\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/images-2-11.jpg?resize=446%2C255&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"what is Nutrition Therapy In Gestational Diabetes ?\" width=\"446\" height=\"255\" \/><\/p>\n<h2><b>\u00a0\u00a0 Fibre Recommendations<\/b><\/h2>\n<p>Recommended amounts of total fibre: 28 g per day<\/p>\n<p>Sources of insoluble fibre include: wheat bran, whole grains, seeds, fruits, and vegetables<\/p>\n<p>Sources of soluble fibre: legumes (beans), oat bran, barley, apples, citrus fruits<\/p>\n<h2><b>Glycaemic<\/b><b> Index (GI)<\/b><\/h2>\n<p>Ranks carbohydrate-rich foods according to the increase in blood glucose levels they cause in comparison with a standard food (white bread\/glucose).<\/p>\n<h2><b>Factors Affecting the <\/b><b>Glycaemic<\/b><b> Index<\/b><\/h2>\n<p>Type of sugar<\/p>\n<p>-glucose, fructose, galactose<\/p>\n<p>Nature of starch<\/p>\n<p>-amylose, amylopectin<\/p>\n<p>Starch-nutrient interactions<\/p>\n<p>-resistant starch<\/p>\n<p>Cooking\/food processing<\/p>\n<h2><b>Glycaemic<\/b><b> Index of Foods<\/b><\/h2>\n<table width=\"784\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"248\"><b>Low <\/b><b>glycaemic<\/b><b> index foods<\/b><\/td>\n<td width=\"267\"><b>Intermediate <\/b><b>glycaemic<\/b><b> index<\/b><\/td>\n<td width=\"269\"><b>High <\/b><b>glycaemic<\/b><b> index<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"248\">Oats<\/td>\n<td width=\"267\">Multigrain bread<\/td>\n<td width=\"269\">White Bread<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"248\">Lentils\/dhal<\/td>\n<td width=\"267\">Some rice (long grain)<\/td>\n<td width=\"269\">White Rice<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"248\">Yogurt<\/td>\n<td width=\"267\">Pasta<\/td>\n<td width=\"269\">Processed breakfast cereal<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"248\">Milk<\/td>\n<td width=\"267\">Bananas<\/td>\n<td width=\"269\">Glucose<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"248\">Most Fruits and vegetables<\/td>\n<td width=\"267\">Grapes<\/td>\n<td width=\"269\">Mashed and baked potatoes<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><b>Vitamins<\/b><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Organic substances are present in very small amounts in food<\/li>\n<li>Essential to good health<\/li>\n<li>A balanced meal automatically provides all necessary vitamins<\/li>\n<li>Either fat-soluble or water-soluble<\/li>\n<li>In some countries, foods are \u201cfortified\u201d with vitamins and minerals<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><b>Vitamin\u00a0 <\/b><b>Recommendations<\/b><b><br \/>\n<\/b><\/h2>\n<p>The daily multivitamin supplement should be added as they are often not met by diet alone.<\/p>\n<p>Multivitamin content varies depending on the product used.<\/p>\n<p>Women at higher risk for dietary deficiencies include multiple gestations, heavy smokers, adolescents, complete vegetarians, substance abusers, and women with lactase deficiency.<\/p>\n<h2><b>Minerals<\/b><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Substance present in bones, teeth, soft tissue, muscle, blood, and nerve cells<\/li>\n<li>Help maintain physiological processes, strengthen skeletal structures, preserve heart and brain function, and muscle and nerve systems<\/li>\n<li>Act as a catalyst for essential enzymatic reactions<\/li>\n<li>Low levels of minerals put stress on essential life functions<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><b>Sodium<\/b><b> Recommendations<\/b><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Most people consume too much salt<\/li>\n<li>Sodium restriction may be advised in case of uncontrolled hypertension and edema<\/li>\n<li>Targets for daily sodium intake<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<table width=\"552\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"161\">Age<\/td>\n<td width=\"179\">Adequate Intake (mg\/day)<\/td>\n<td width=\"212\">Upper limit<\/p>\n<p>(mg\/day)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"161\">14-50<\/td>\n<td width=\"179\">1500<\/td>\n<td width=\"212\">2300<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"161\">51-70<\/td>\n<td width=\"179\">1300<\/td>\n<td width=\"212\">2300<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"161\">over 70<\/td>\n<td width=\"179\">1200<\/td>\n<td width=\"212\">2300<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-9136 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.diabetesasia.org\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/images-3-6.jpg?resize=524%2C349&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"what is Nutrition Therapy In Gestational Diabetes ?\" width=\"524\" height=\"349\" \/><\/p>\n<h2><b>Lowering Salt Intake<\/b><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Sodium content is often high in restaurant foods<\/li>\n<li>Encourage meal plans with<\/li>\n<li>more fresh foods \u2013 fruits and vegetables<\/li>\n<li>less processed, fast, convenience, or canned foods<\/li>\n<li>herbs and spices used when cooking instead of salt.<\/li>\n<li>Teach people to read food labels<\/li>\n<li>Choose salt-free, reduced, or low-sodium foods<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Nutrition Therapy for a Woman with Gestational Diabetes \u00a0 Body Mass Index (BMI) Use pre-pregnancy&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":9137,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[27],"tags":[63,67,68,69,64,65,71,66,72,70],"class_list":["post-307","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-nutrioin-in-disease","tag-bmi","tag-carbohydrate","tag-fibre","tag-gi","tag-macronutrient","tag-micronutrient","tag-mineral","tag-protein","tag-sodium","tag-vitamin"],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.diabetesasia.org\/magazine\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/gestational-diabetes-550x550-1.jpg?fit=550%2C550&ssl=1","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.diabetesasia.org\/magazine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/307","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.diabetesasia.org\/magazine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.diabetesasia.org\/magazine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.diabetesasia.org\/magazine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.diabetesasia.org\/magazine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=307"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.diabetesasia.org\/magazine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/307\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9138,"href":"https:\/\/www.diabetesasia.org\/magazine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/307\/revisions\/9138"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.diabetesasia.org\/magazine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9137"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.diabetesasia.org\/magazine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=307"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.diabetesasia.org\/magazine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=307"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.diabetesasia.org\/magazine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=307"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}