Prevention of mother-to-infant transmission of hepatitis B virus: pointers on antiviral prophylaxis in pregnancy

Overview

WHO estimates that during 2015, 257 million human beings had been dwelling with continual hepatitis B virus (HBV) contamination worldwide and that 900 000 died from HBV contamination, on the whole thru the improvement of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Worldwide, the bulk of humans with continual hepatitis B contamination and related deaths in maturity received their contamination at the start thru mother-to-infant perinatal transmission or in early childhood.

These pointers offer evidence-primarily based steerage on using peripartum antiviral prophylaxis in HBsAg-nice pregnant ladies for the prevention of mother-to-infant transmission of HBV

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) contamination in a pregnant girl poses an extreme threat to her little one at birth. Without postexposure immunoprophylaxis, about 40% of toddlers born to HBV-inflamed moms withinside the United States will broaden persistent HBV contamination, about one-fourth of whom will sooner or later die from persistent liver disease.

Perinatal HBV transmission may be avoided with the aid of using figuring out HBV-inflamed (i.e., hepatitis B floor antigen [HBsAg]-high quality) pregnant girls and imparting hepatitis B immune globulin and hepatitis B vaccine to their toddlers within 12 hours of birth.

Preventing perinatal HBV transmission is an imperative part of the country-wide approach to get rid of hepatitis B withinside the United States. National tips name for the following:

Universal screening of pregnant girls for HBsAg for the duration of every pregnancy

Screening all HBsAg-high quality pregnant girls for HBV DNA to manual the usage of maternal antiviral remedy for the duration of pregnancy. AASLD shows maternal antiviral remedy whilst HBV DNA is >200,000 IU/mL

Case-control of HBsAg-high quality moms and their toddlers

Provision of immunoprophylaxis for toddlers born to inflamed moms, which includes hepatitis B vaccine and hepatitis B immune globulin inside 12 hours of birth
Routine vaccination of all toddlers with the hepatitis B vaccine series, with the primary dose administered within 24 hours of birth

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